Análisis de la resolución de problemas de física en secundaria y primer curso universitario, en Chile

Abstract

One of the expectations in Science Education nowadays is to teach people how to solve problems, to develop high-level intellectual skills at the same time that specific knowledge is acquired. In common practice of Physics Education, this objective is usually limited to solving «paper and pencil» problems appearing at the end of each book chapter. However, the widespread failure of students in this activity forces us to question if, indeed, we are teaching them how to solve problems. An analysis of both textbooks and teachers' practices shows that students are not taught how to solve problems but, instead, ready-made solutions are just explained to the students. This procedure transmits serious deficiencies both in attitudinal and methodological terms, which makes it very difficult for them to tackle new problems.