El problema de la cueva. Elementos para un análisis didáctico de los problemas de probabilidad

Abstract

In this report we intend to show what kinds of analysis can be made of problems of probability so as to make them useful for the training of mathematics teachers. As tools for the analysis we use elements of a pattern of competence in problem solving useful for problems of probability: heuristic tools, heuristic skills and solving methods with an heuristic content, to which we add the way how we make the analyses, which is, from the introspection and the position of the ideal solver, the notion of mathematical system of signs and the consideration of different strata of this mathematical system of signs that allow to solve the problems being analysed.