Las preguntas para la indagación y activación de pensamiento crítico en educación infantil
Resumen
Este trabajo investiga la influencia de las preguntas de una docente en la activación de la práctica de pensamiento crítico del alumnado de infantil. Se analizan las interacciones discursivas entre la docente y el alumnado durante una sesión de indagación sobre la caída de objetos con el fin de identificar qué destrezas y disposiciones de pensamiento crítico se promueven en el alumnado mediante las preguntas formuladas por la maestra. Los resultados muestran que sus preguntas activan las destrezas de explicación, inferencia y análisis. Entre las disposiciones que la maestra promueve, destaca la sistematicidad. No obstante, se echa en falta el desempeño de disposiciones por parte del alumnado, lo que podría explicarse porque requieren un mayor tiempo para desarrollarse. Se concluye que la formulación de preguntas por parte de la docente activa destrezas de pensamiento crítico y esta estrategia didáctica, si fuese parte integral de la enseñanza en infantil, reportaría beneficios al alumnado.
Palabras clave
Pensamiento crítico, Intervención docente, Preguntas, Indagación, Educación infantilCitas
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Derechos de autor 2022 Inés M. Bargiela, Paloma Blanco Anaya, Blanca Puig
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