De los obstáculos epistemológicos a los conceptos estructurantes: una aproximación a la enseñanza-aprendizaje de la geología

Resumen

Starting from the Bachelard’s model of knowledge construction based upon the notion of scientific change through epistemological obstacles, breaks and acts, Gagliardi’s ideas about the structurant concepts, as a first approach to the learning-teaching of geology, are analysed. From a historical view, both deep-rooted ideas such as the natural theology derived from Genesis, and the improper use of right methodologies such as Actualism or the emphasis on direct observation, among others, have been constituted on their own as major epistemological obstacles. Likewise, the difficulty of direct observation and experimentation, the ideas of both the Earth as a whole and an accumulative science, the fixity, and the actualism, are pointed out as general obstacles affecting on the school learning of geology.