Análisis de la comprensión y razonamiento epistémico de los estudiantes sobre los equilibrios de solubilidad
Resumen
Los equilibrios de solubilidad constituyen un contenido esencial del currículum educativo de química introductoria. Para detectar las dificultades de aprendizaje del alumnado respecto a la forma en que se alcanza dicho equilibrio y qué sucede durante este proceso, se ha diseñado un cuestionario de preguntas abiertas. Las respuestas se analizaron mediante un análisis fenomenográfico, lo que permitió definir categorías interpretativas del conjunto del alumnado. El análisis epistemológico de los argumentos ofrece «explicaciones intermedias» entre ideas ingenuas e ideas científicas, además de respuestas fragmentadas e inconsistencia interna. Los resultados muestran que la comprensión de los equilibrios de solubilidad se ve dificultada por deficiencias en la comprensión de los conceptos de equilibrio, solubilidad de una sal y saturación de la disolución, así como los problemas para relacionarlos.
Palabras clave
Equilibrios de solubilidad, Solubilidad, Saturación, Curvas de solubilidad, Categorías explicativasCitas
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